![]() ![]() The first staining step is de-waxing which uses a solvent to remove the wax from the slide prior to staining.The tissue on the slide is now ready for staining.The slides are then dried in an oven or on a hot plate to remove moisture and help the tissue adhere to the slide. ![]() Sectioning is done on a microtome that cuts very fine sections which are floated-out on a water bath then picked up and placed on microscope slides.Embedding allows specimen orientation and secures the specimen in a block of wax for section cutting and storage.Tissue processing uses a sequence of reagents to replace an aqueous (water-based) environment with a hydrophobic one enabling tissue elements to be infiltrated with paraffin wax.Grossing isolates the particular area of tissue to be sectioned.Fixation preserves the tissue (typically using a formaldehyde- based solution).The paraffin section process is as follows: The process is more time-consuming than creating frozen sections, but provides better quality staining in most cases and the resultant samples (referred to as blocks) can be stored almost indefinitely. When paraffin sections are to be prepared the specimen is first preserved with a fixative and then the tissue structure is supported by infiltrating the specimen with paraffin wax. The section is fixed immediately before it begins to decay and is then stained.The frozen tissue is sectioned in cryostat (a sectioning microtome in a freezing chamber) and placed on a microscope slide for staining.Tissue is quickly frozen to preserve and harden it.The process for frozen section preparation is as follows: They are quick to produce, but typically do not create the same section quality of as the paraffin technique. There are two main techniques used for this, referred to as frozen sections and paraffin-embedded sections.įrozen sections are used when answers are needed fast, typically during surgery where the surgeon needs to know the excision margin when removing a tumour. This involves fixing the tissue (so it does not decay) then hardening and supporting it so that it can be cut to the very thin sections needed (typically 2–7 µm). Before tissue can be stained and viewed, it must be prepared so that a very thin section, only one cell thick, can be cut and placed onto a microscope slide. ![]()
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